The study showed part of the reason for women’s higher share of unpaid work was their shorter time in paid work. Countries with high levels of female paid employment had a more equal gender division of total working time. Norway, which is well known for strong gender equality policies, had the lowest female unpaid working time.
Korean women ranked eighth for the amount of time they spent on unpaid work out of the 29 OECD countries. In contrast, Korean men were placed last among the OECD countries for their participation in unpaid work. They spent only 50 minutes a day on average compared to almost 200 minutes a day spent by their female counter parts.
Other unpaid work such as child care was low for Korea, Belgium and Hungary. Total time devoted to child care occupied less than one hour per day, the lowest among all OECD countries, whereas Anglophone countries ranked the highest.
Parents spent on average 4.1 hours with their children. Gender differences were apparent in primary child care as well with fathers spending 42 minutes whereas mothers spent an hour and 40 minutes on average with their children.
Korea ranked the lowest for parents’ devotion to child care. The amount of time Korean fathers spent with their children showed almost no difference between working men and non-working men with 12 and 13 minutes each. However, non-working Korean mothers spent about three times more time with their children ― 89 minutes ― compared to working moms ― 31 minutes.
Unpaid work not only contributes to household consumption but also to future well-being and to community well-being, the study said.
Veerle Miranda, the study’s author, said unpaid work is an “unglamorous way of contributing to the economy.”
“If unpaid work were remunerated, it could equal to one-third of the average GDP in OECD countries,” she said.
Koreans’ kindness just below the world average
In the worldwide league of kindness, Koreans ranked below average, a OECD report showed.
The report revealed that about 35 percent of Koreans showed kindness recently, slightly behind the OECD average at 39 percent.
Of the 34 OECD member countries, Korea came 21st in the pro- and anti-social behavior index, 2010, followed by Mexico, France and Japan. Japan came 28th at 26 percent.
Koreans also showed low levels of anti-social behavior along with Israel, Japan and Poland.
The survey, based on the Gallup World Poll, asked people in over 140 countries if they had volunteered, donated money to a charity or helped a stranger recently.
About 60 percent of people in the U.S. and Ireland said they helped someone, ranking first and second in the index, followed by Australia, New Zealand and the U.K.
The report concluded that those in higher income countries are more likely to help others as northern European countries showed a high percentage for pro-social behavior.
However, the link between income inequality and anti-social behavior was seen as weak as Sweden and Czech Republic, with relatively equal societies, showed high levels of anti-social behavior.
Under the five indexes, Korean ranked below the OECD average in “social trust” at 26th, “confidence in national institutions” at 21st, “voting” at last and “tolerance” at 28th. Korea showed the lowest voting rate among OECD countries at 46 percent, just behind the United States at 48 percent.
By Yun Suh-young, Lee Woo-young
(syun@heraldcorp.com) (wylee@heraldcorp.com)
